Sale by Description is an important trading method in international trade, where the seller specifies the quality of goods by providing a detailed product description (including specifications, composition, performance, technical parameters, etc.), which serves as the basis for delivery. This term applies to goods whose quality is difficult to represent by samples or standards, such as machinery, precision instruments, and chemical products. Usage scenarios include: the buyer relies on technical materials provided by the seller to make a purchase, or the goods need to be produced according to specific requirements. Precautions: the description must be accurate and complete, avoiding vague descriptions; the seller must ensure the goods conform to the description, otherwise it constitutes a breach of contract; the buyer should carefully review the description and clarify acceptance criteria. Differences from other terms: sale by sample is based on physical samples, while sale by description is based on textual, graphical, etc. descriptions; sale by standard is based on public standards (e.g., ISO). Sale by Description emphasizes technical details, is suitable for customized or high-tech products, and can reduce disputes caused by physical differences.
📝 Examples
1. We intend to order a batch of CNC machine tools. Please provide a detailed technical description. We will sign the contract on a sale by description basis to ensure the equipment parameters meet production requirements. (Note: The buyer requires the description as the basis for quality, suitable for technically complex equipment transactions.)
2. According to the contract, this batch of chemical raw materials is sold by description. The seller must ensure that its composition, purity, and other indicators are fully consistent with the attached description; otherwise, the buyer has the right to reject the goods. (Note: Emphasizes the legal binding force of the description, and the seller must strictly perform the contract.)
💡 Foreign Trade Tips
Foreign trade terms are the foundation of international business communication
Trade practices may vary slightly by country; pay attention when using them
When using terms in contracts, specify the applicable version (e.g., Incoterms 2020)
For unfamiliar terms, use GlobalSync's multilingual email helper to confirm with your partner