Fracture

In foreign trade, 'Fracture' typically refers to physical rupture or breakage of goods during transportation, loading/unloading, or storage, especially common in brittle commodities (such as glass, ceramics, precision instruments) or metal materials. This term differs from 'Damage': Damage broadly refers to any form of harm, including scratches, dents, moisture, etc.; while Fracture specifically means the object splits into two or more pieces because stress exceeds its strength limit. Usage scenarios include: 1) Quality clauses in contracts explicitly prohibiting fracture; 2) Soft clauses in letters of credit requiring a certificate of no fracture; 3) Insurance claims, where fracture is often covered under specific risks (such as breakage risk). Note: Distinguish 'Fracture' from 'Crack', the latter may not completely separate but affects use; also clarify whether fracture falls under 'inherent vice' or 'transportation risk'. In international trade, if goods fracture, the buyer can usually claim non-conformity under Article 35 of the CISG, but must prove the fracture was not caused by the buyer's improper operation.