Sugar

White sugar (sugar) is one of the important agricultural bulk commodities in international trade, usually referring to refined white granulated sugar, i.e., sucrose that has been refined and decolorized, and is classified into different grades according to indicators such as particle size, color value, and moisture. In foreign trade, white sugar is often classified according to 'ICUMSA' (International Commission for Uniform Methods of Sugar Analysis) standards, such as ICUMSA 45, ICUMSA 100, etc.; the lower the number, the higher the quality. Major exporting countries include Brazil, Thailand, India, Australia, etc., while importing countries are mostly China, Indonesia, the United States, etc. Usage scenarios involve trade terms such as FOB, CFR, and CIF, as well as payment methods such as letters of credit and TT. Notes: specifications must be clearly stated (such as ICUMSA value, packaging, origin), inspection standards (such as SGS), quotas and tariffs (such as China's in-quota tariff of 15% and out-of-quota tariff of 50%), and whether genetically modified ingredients are contained. The difference from 'raw sugar' is that raw sugar is unrefined and requires further processing; the difference from 'refined sugar' is that refined sugar has a higher degree of refinement. In addition, white sugar trade is often affected by international sugar price fluctuations, exchange rates, and policies, and it is advisable to pay attention to ICE raw sugar futures.