The concept of sustainable development has evolved significantly since its introduction in the 1987 Brundtland Report. Initially, it emphasized the balance between economic growth and environmental protection. However, recent scholarly discourse argues that this framework often neglects social equity, particularly in developing nations. Researchers now advocate for a more integrated approach that considers the interdependence of ecological, economic, and social systems. For instance, a study by Martinez-Alier (2021) demonstrated that environmental policies in Latin America frequently fail when they disregard local community rights. Consequently, sustainable development is no longer viewed as a mere environmental issue but as a complex socio-ecological challenge requiring interdisciplinary solutions.
❓ Theo đoạn văn, chỉ trích chính đối với khuôn khổ phát triển bền vững truyền thống là gì?
A. Nó tập trung quá nhiều vào tăng trưởng kinh tế mà bỏ qua môi trường.
B. Nó bỏ qua khía cạnh xã hội, đặc biệt là ở các khu vực nghèo hơn.
C. Nó dựa trên dữ liệu lỗi thời từ những năm 1980.
D. Nó bỏ qua vai trò của các tổ chức quốc tế.
✅ 正确答案
It overlooks the social dimension, especially in poorer regions.
IELTS Reading Tips
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