Chapter 10 covers cereals, including wheat, rye, barley, oats, maize, rice, sorghum, buckwheat, millet, etc. Cereals of this chapter may be in primary processed forms such as whole grains, hulled, milled, crushed, etc., but do not include further processed flour, starch, or food products. The core is unprocessed or primary processed cereal grains, for human consumption or feed. Heading 1001 covers wheat and meslin, including common wheat, durum wheat, spelt, etc. Whether or not for sowing, they are classified under this heading. However, note that products that have been milled, hulled, made into flour, or further processed should be classified under Chapter 11. The first 2 digits "10" represent Chapter 10 cereals, covering all major food crops. Digits 3-4 "01" represent heading 1001, i.e., wheat and meslin, distinguished from other cereals such as maize (1005) and rice (1006). Digits 5-6 "10" represent subheading 100110, specifically durum wheat, distinguished from common wheat (100190) and seed wheat (100111). Durum wheat has high protein and high gluten characteristics, mainly used for making pasta. Durum wheat is a type of wheat and has not undergone milling or other processing, so it is classified under 1001. Its difference from common wheat lies in the species (Triticum durum), not in use or degree of processing. Seed durum wheat, if used for sowing, is still classified under 100110, because the subheading is not subdivided by use.

Product Name: The specific name of the declared commodity should be filled in as "durum wheat" or "Durum wheat", and indicate whether it is for sowing. Whether for sowing: Indicate whether the batch of durum wheat is for sowing, which affects subheading classification (both seed and non-seed are classified under 100110, but must be declared). Variety: Fill in the specific variety name of the durum wheat, such as "Simeto", "Karim", etc., which helps customs verify classification. Origin: Fill in the country or region where the wheat was grown, such as "Canada", "Italy", which affects tariffs and trade policy. Protein content: Durum wheat usually has a high protein content (above 12%); declaring the specific value helps prove quality. Whether GMO: Declare whether it is genetically modified durum wheat. China has not currently approved commercial cultivation of genetically modified wheat. Impurity content: Declare the percentage of impurities (such as stones, other grains), which affects quality determination and quarantine. Use: Fill in the final use of the durum wheat, such as "milling", "making pasta", "feed", etc. Product Name: Durum wheat; Whether for sowing: Non-seed; Variety: Simeto; Origin: Canada; Protein content: 13.5%; Whether GMO: No; Impurity content: 0.5%; Use: Making pasta. Misreporting durum wheat as common wheat, leading to classification errors and tariff differences. Failure to declare whether for sowing, affecting customs regulatory requirements for seed wheat. Ignoring GMO status declaration, which may violate biosafety regulations.

The core basis for classification is species: durum wheat (Triticum durum) is different from common wheat (Triticum aestivum); the former has hard grains and high protein content, mainly used for making pasta. According to HS notes, 1001 includes all wheat species, but subheading 100110 is specifically durum wheat. Determination should be based on species identification reports, variety names, and use, not merely appearance. If the species cannot be determined, it may be classified under 100190. 100190 Other wheat and meslin: 100190 covers common wheat and other non-durum wheat, while 100110 is limited to durum wheat. The difference lies in species; durum wheat grains are harder and higher in protein. 100111 Seed durum wheat: 100111 is seed durum wheat, but in the 2017 version of HS, 100110 already includes both seed and non-seed, so 100111 no longer exists. Attention should be paid to the version in actual use. 100199 Other seed wheat: 100199 is other seed wheat, differing from 100110 in species and use. Seed durum wheat is also classified under 100110, while non-durum seed wheat is classified under 100199. 110100 Wheat or meslin flour: 110100 is wheat flour, a processed product, while 100110 is unprocessed grains. The key difference is whether it has been milled into flour. 100890 Other cereals: 100890 covers other cereals not elsewhere specified, such as quinoa, while durum wheat is explicitly classified under 1001 and cannot be classified as other cereals. Has the species been confirmed as durum wheat? Has the seed status been declared? Has the protein content been provided? Has the GMO status been declared? Has it been distinguished from common wheat?

What is the difference in HS codes between durum wheat and common wheat? Durum wheat is classified under 100110, and common wheat under 100190. The main difference is species: durum wheat (Triticum durum) has hard grains and high protein content, while common wheat (Triticum aestivum) is softer. When declaring, proof of variety and protein content is required. Which code should seed durum wheat be classified under? Seed durum wheat is still classified under 100110, because HS subheading 100110 does not distinguish between seed and non-seed. However, "seed" must be noted in the declaration elements so that customs can implement seed quarantine and regulation. What is the HS code for durum wheat flour? Durum wheat flour should be classified under 110100, because it has been milled. 100110 applies only to unprocessed durum wheat grains. If further made into pasta, it is classified under 1902. How can it be determined whether a batch of wheat is durum wheat? It can be determined through species identification, grain hardness, protein content (usually >12%), and use. Customs may require test reports. If it cannot be determined, advance classification consultation is recommended. Is it necessary to declare GMO status when importing durum wheat? Yes, China has strict regulation of genetically modified agricultural products. Even though durum wheat currently has no commercial GM varieties, it must still be declared as "No"; otherwise, penalties may be imposed for concealment. How can the tariff rate for durum wheat be checked? Tariff rates must be checked according to the country of origin, trade agreements, and the annual tariff schedule. You can visit the website of the General Administration of Customs of China or use the "Customs Import and Export Tariff of China", or consult a customs broker. What are the common errors when declaring durum wheat? Common errors include: writing the product name generically as "wheat", failing to declare seed status, failing to provide protein content, ignoring the GMO declaration, and falsely declaring impurity content. These may lead to classification errors, returned declarations, or penalties. Are durum wheat and Durum wheat the same commodity? Yes, Durum wheat is the transliteration of durum wheat (Durum); both refer to the same species. When declaring, it is recommended to use "durum wheat (Durum wheat)" for clarity.