Rust

Rust in foreign trade specifically refers to surface corrosion of metal products (such as steel, hardware, machinery, etc.) caused by oxidation or moisture, and is a common focus in cargo quality inspection and claims. Usage scenarios include: contract quality clauses (e.g., 'no rust allowed'), letter of credit requirements (e.g., 'clean inspection certificate certifying no rust'), pre-shipment inspection, and post-arrival claims. Precautions: 1. The degree of rust must be clearly defined (light surface rust, spot rust, or severe rust) to avoid disputes caused by vague descriptions; 2. Distinguish 'rust' from 'rust spot' and 'oxidation,' the latter of which may be milder; 3. Rust caused during transport by seawater, rain, or condensation may involve the carrier, insurance company, or seller as liable parties, and risk transfer must be determined in conjunction with trade terms (such as CIF, FOB); 4. The contract should specify inspection standards (such as ISO 8501-1 rust grades) and claim periods. Unlike 'corrosion,' rust specifically refers to ferrous metals, whereas corrosion can involve various materials under chemical or electrochemical action.