W/M (Weight or Measurement) is a common freight charging basis in sea bulk and LCL shipping, meaning 'Weight or Measurement', i.e., the carrier charges freight based on the higher of the gross weight (metric ton) or volume (cubic meter) of the cargo. Usage scenario: When the cargo is not explicitly specified to be charged by weight or volume, the shipping company defaults to W/M. Notes: 1) Weight is usually in metric tons (1000 kg), volume in cubic meters; 2) If 1 metric ton of cargo occupies more than 1 cubic meter, charge by volume; otherwise by weight; 3) Different from W/M per ton, which may specify a particular unit. Difference from other terms: W (Weight) charges only by weight, M (Measurement) only by volume, while W/M takes the higher of the two, more favorable to the carrier. In addition, there is Ad Valorem, charged as a percentage of cargo value. Foreign trade practitioners need to confirm the charging method when booking to avoid extra costs.
📝 Examples
1. This bulk cargo totals 10 metric tons and 12 cubic meters. Under the W/M clause, freight will be charged based on 12 cubic meters. (Note: Volume exceeds weight, so charge by volume.)
2. Please confirm whether the freight for this LCL shipment is calculated by W/M or W/M per ton, so that we can accurately estimate costs. (Note: Inquire about the specific charging basis to avoid misunderstanding.)
💡 Foreign Trade Tips
Foreign trade terms are the foundation of international business communication
Trade practices may vary slightly by country; pay attention when using them
When using terms in contracts, specify the applicable version (e.g., Incoterms 2020)
For unfamiliar terms, use GlobalSync's multilingual email helper to confirm with your partner