The concept of sustainable development has evolved significantly since its popularization in the 1987 Brundtland Report. Initially framed as a balance between economic growth and environmental protection, it has since expanded to encompass social equity and intergenerational justice. Critics argue that the term is often co-opted by corporations to justify unsustainable practices, a phenomenon known as 'greenwashing.' However, recent research suggests that measurable indicators, such as carbon footprint and resource efficiency, can provide a more objective basis for assessing sustainability. This shift toward quantifiable metrics has enabled policymakers to set concrete targets, yet it also raises concerns about oversimplifying complex ecological systems. Ultimately, sustainable development remains a contested but indispensable framework for addressing global challenges.
❓ ¿Cuál es la principal preocupación sobre el uso de indicadores medibles para la sostenibilidad, según el pasaje?
A. Son demasiado caros de implementar.
B. B) Pueden simplificar en exceso sistemas ecológicos complejos.
C. C) Solo son utilizadas por las corporaciones para el lavado de imagen ecológico.
D. D) Ignoran por completo la equidad social.
✅ 正确答案
B) They may oversimplify complex ecological systems.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first