The concept of sustainable development has evolved significantly since its popularization in the 1987 Brundtland Report. Initially framed as a balance between economic growth and environmental protection, it has since expanded to encompass social equity and intergenerational justice. Critics argue that the term is often co-opted by corporations to justify unsustainable practices, a phenomenon known as 'greenwashing.' However, recent research suggests that measurable indicators, such as carbon footprint and resource efficiency, can provide a more objective basis for assessing sustainability. This shift toward quantifiable metrics has enabled policymakers to set concrete targets, yet it also raises concerns about oversimplifying complex ecological systems. Ultimately, sustainable development remains a contested but indispensable framework for addressing global challenges.
❓ 지문에 따르면, 지속 가능성을 위한 측정 가능한 지표 사용에 대한 주요 우려 사항은 무엇인가?
A. A) 그것들은 구현하기에는 너무 비싸다.
B. B) 그들은 복잡한 생태계를 지나치게 단순화할 수 있다.
C. C) 그들은 기업의 그린워싱에만 사용된다.
D. D) 그들은 사회적 형평성을 완전히 무시한다.
✅ 正确答案
B) They may oversimplify complex ecological systems.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first