The concept of sustainable development has evolved significantly since its popularization in the 1987 Brundtland Report. Initially framed as a balance between economic growth and environmental protection, it has since expanded to encompass social equity and intergenerational justice. Critics argue that the term is often co-opted by corporations to justify unsustainable practices, a phenomenon known as 'greenwashing.' However, recent research suggests that measurable indicators, such as carbon footprint and resource efficiency, can provide a more objective basis for assessing sustainability. This shift toward quantifiable metrics has enabled policymakers to set concrete targets, yet it also raises concerns about oversimplifying complex ecological systems. Ultimately, sustainable development remains a contested but indispensable framework for addressing global challenges.
❓ この文章によると、持続可能性のために測定可能な指標を使用することについての主な懸念は何ですか？
A. それらは実装するには高すぎる。
B. B) それらは複雑な生態系を過度に単純化する可能性がある。
C. C) それらは企業によるグリーンウォッシングにのみ使用されている。
D. D) 彼らは社会的公平性を完全に無視している。
✅ 正确答案
B) They may oversimplify complex ecological systems.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first