The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational psychology, it is often divided into three types: intrinsic, extraneous, and germane. Intrinsic load is inherent to the complexity of the material itself, while extraneous load is generated by the way information is presented to the learner. Germane load, on the other hand, is the effort dedicated to processing and understanding the material, which is beneficial for learning. Research suggests that instructional design should aim to reduce extraneous load and optimize germane load, as the total cognitive capacity is limited. Overloading working memory can hinder the acquisition of new knowledge, especially for novice learners who lack prior schemas to organize information efficiently.
❓ 根据文章所述，教学设计在认知负荷方面的主要目的是什么？
A. A. 消除所有类型的认知负荷，以最大化学习效率。
B. B. 增加内在认知负荷，以挑战学习者并促进更深层次的理解。
C. C. 在有限容量内，尽量减少外在认知负荷，同时促进相关认知负荷的产生。
D. D. 仅专注于为新手学习者减少内在认知负荷。
✅ 正确答案
C. To minimize extraneous load while facilitating germane load within limited capacity.