The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational settings, instructional designers often strive to manage cognitive load to optimize learning. According to cognitive load theory, learning is hampered when the working memory is overloaded with extraneous information that does not contribute to schema construction. This can occur when a lesson includes irrelevant graphics or redundant text. Conversely, intrinsic cognitive load is associated with the complexity of the material itself, which cannot be reduced without simplifying the content. Effective instructional design aims to minimize extraneous load while preserving the necessary intrinsic load, thereby facilitating the acquisition of complex knowledge.
❓ Según el pasaje, ¿cuál es el objetivo principal de los diseñadores instruccionales en cuanto a la carga cognitiva?
A. A. Eliminar toda carga cognitiva para garantizar un aprendizaje sin esfuerzo
B. B. Para aumentar la carga cognitiva intrínseca y desafiar a los aprendices.
C. C. Para reducir la carga cognitiva extraña mientras se mantiene la carga intrínseca necesaria
D. D. Para añadir más elementos visuales que mejoren la participación.
✅ 正确答案
C. To reduce extraneous cognitive load while maintaining necessary intrinsic load
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first