The concept of 'environmental determinism' has long been debated in geography. Early proponents argued that human behavior and societal development were largely shaped by climatic and geographical conditions. However, this view was criticized for oversimplifying complex cultural interactions and for its potential to justify colonialism. Modern scholars propose a more nuanced approach, emphasizing that while environment can influence possibilities, human agency and technological innovation play equally critical roles. This shift reflects a broader trend in social sciences towards recognizing the interplay between natural and social systems, rather than attributing causality to a single factor.
❓ 文章中提到的对早期环境决定论的主要批评是什么？
A. A. 它完全忽视了气候的作用。
B. B. 它过度强调了环境的影响，并可能支持殖民主义意识形态。
C. C. 它过于关注技术创新。
D. D. 它未能考虑地理条件。
✅ 正确答案
B. It overemphasized the influence of environment and could support colonialist ideologies.