第462篇 齐王建入朝于秦

出处:战国策·齐策六

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📜 原文(文言文)

齐王建入朝于秦,雍门司马前曰:“所为立王者,为社稷耶?为王耶?”王曰:“为社稷。”司马曰:“为社稷立王,王何以去社稷而入秦?”齐王还车而反。即墨大夫与雍门司马谏而听之,则以为可与为谋,即入见齐王曰:“齐地方数千里,带甲数百万。夫三晋大夫皆不便秦,而在阿、鄄之间者百数,王收而与之百万之众,使收三晋之故地,即临晋之关可以入矣。鄢、郢大夫不欲为秦,而在城南下者百数,王收而与之百万之师,使收楚故地,即武关可以入矣。如此,则齐威可立,秦国可亡,夫舍南面之称制,乃西面而事秦,为大王不取也。”齐王不听。秦使陈驰诱齐王内之,约与五百里之地。齐王不听即墨大夫而听陈驰,遂入秦,处之共松柏之间,饿而死。先是齐为之歌曰:“松邪!柏邪!住建共者客耶!”

📖 白话文翻译

King Jian of Qi went to the state of Qin to pay homage to the King of Qin. Yongmen Sima stepped forward and said, "Did we establish you as king for the sake of the state, or for your own sake?" The King of Qi replied, "For the sake of the state." Sima said, "If it was for the state that you were made king, then why would you leave your own state and go to Qin?" Hearing this, the King of Qi turned his carriage around and returned. When the Grand Officer of Jimo learned that Yongmen Sima's remonstrance had been heeded by the King of Qi, he believed that the king could be counseled with, and so he entered the palace to pay homage, saying, "The territory of Qi stretches for thousands of li in every direction, and its armored soldiers number in the millions. The great officers of the Three Jin—Han, Zhao, and Wei—are unwilling to serve Qin; more than a hundred of them dwell between the cities of A and Juan. If Your Majesty were to take them in and grant them a million troops, allowing them to recover the former lands of the Three Jin, then the pass of Linjin could be breached. Likewise, the great officers of Chu from Yan and Ying are unwilling to serve Qin; more than a hundred of them reside south of the Qi capital. If Your Majesty were to take them in and grant them a million troops, allowing them to recover the former lands of Chu, then the pass of Wuguan could be taken. In this way, the prestige of Qi would be established, and Qin could be destroyed. Yet Your Majesty would cast aside the honored position of a king facing south, and instead go west to serve Qin—this, I believe, is not what Your Majesty ought to do." The King of Qi did not heed this counsel. Qin sent Chen Chi to lure the King of Qi into Qin, promising him a fief of five hundred li. The King of Qi, ignoring the advice of the Grand Officer of Jimo but trusting Chen Chi, entered Qin, where he was confined among the pines and cypresses at Gong and ultimately died of starvation. Before this, someone in Qi had composed a ballad: "O pines! O cypresses! He who lodged the King of Qi at Gong was the guest!"

💡 商战启示录

The tragedy of King Jian of Qi lies in his abandonment of his native foundation and core resources, and his credulous trust in external promises, which ultimately cost him his autonomy and even his life. In modern business, this serves as a warning to corporate leaders: in strategic partnerships or merger negotiations, one must never abandon one's core competitive advantages and home-base market for the sake of alluring terms offered by the other party—such as the "five hundred li of land." For instance, a well-known local brand once pursued the "global channel" promise of an international giant, relinquishing control over its own brand and distribution channels, only to be marginalized and see its brand value wither. In contrast, successful enterprises like Huawei have always adhered to the principle of "customer-centricity and a commitment to hardworking employees," never forsaking core technology R&D or their domestic stronghold during overseas expansion. Even under external pressure, they survive by virtue of their native roots and long-term strategic resilience. King Jian's problem also lay in his refusal to heed visionary internal counsel—the strategy of uniting with other states against Qin proposed by the Grand Steward of Jimo—while readily believing the honeyed words of foreign spies. In business decision-making, this reminds management to establish an independent and diverse advisory body, to remain vigilant against conflicts of interest among external "consultants" or "partners," and to avoid sacrificing long-term strategic autonomy for short-term temptations. The true wisdom of commercial warfare lies in this: hold fast to your home base, make good use of local resources, unite with those who can be united—and never pin your hopes on the mercy of your enemy.