第397篇 魏王欲与秦

出处:战国策·魏策四

语言: 中文 English Español 日本語 한국어 Tiếng Việt ไทย Русский

📜 原文(文言文)

魏王欲与秦,公子无忌曰:“秦与戎翟同俗,有虎狼之心,贪戾好利而无信,不识礼义德行。苟有利焉,不顾亲戚兄弟,若禽兽耳。此天下之所识也,非有所施厚积德也。故太后母也,而以忧死;穰侯舅也,功莫大焉,而竟逐之;两弟无罪,而再夺之国。此于亲戚若此,况于仇雠之国乎?今王与秦共伐韩而近秦患,臣甚惑之。而王弗识也,则不明矣。群臣知之而莫以此谏,则不忠矣。今韩氏以一女子奉一弱主,内有大乱,外交强秦魏之兵,臣以为其社稷之忧矣。昔者吴之攻越也,越人败之;智伯之攻赵也,赵氏灭之。今王不鉴前事,而欲与秦共伐韩,是犹举薪救火也,必无幸矣。愿王熟计之。”王不听,遂与秦伐韩。秦果怒魏,魏遂大困。

📖 白话文翻译

The King of Wei desired to ally with Qin, but Prince Wuji (the Lord of Xinling) admonished him, saying: “Qin shares the same customs as the Rong and Di barbarians, possessing the heart of a tiger or wolf—rapacious, cruel, covetous of gain, devoid of faith or righteousness, and ignorant of ritual propriety and virtuous conduct. Should profit present itself, it would not spare even its own kin and brothers, behaving no better than beasts. This is known to all under heaven; it has never bestowed generous kindness or accumulated virtuous deeds. The Queen Dowager of Qin is the mother of its king, yet she died of grief; the Marquis of Rang is the king’s maternal uncle, whose merits were the greatest, yet he was ultimately banished; two younger brothers, innocent of any crime, were twice stripped of their fiefs. If it treats its own relatives thus, how much more so a rival state? Now, if Your Majesty joins Qin in attacking Han, you will thereby draw near the calamity of Qin—this truly perplexes me. Should Your Majesty fail to perceive this, you are not wise; should your ministers know it yet refrain from remonstrance, they are not loyal. At present, Han relies upon a single woman to guide a weak young sovereign, torn within by great disorder and beset without by the armies of mighty Qin and Wei—I believe the altars of Han tremble on the brink of ruin. In former times, when Wu attacked Yue, Yue turned and defeated Wu; when Zhibo attacked Zhao, the Zhao clan turned and extinguished Zhibo. Now Your Majesty, without heeding the lessons of these precedents, wishes to join Qin in attacking Han—this is like carrying firewood to quench a blaze; it cannot but end in disaster. I beg Your Majesty to ponder this most carefully.” The King of Wei heeded him not and ultimately allied with Qin to attack Han. Qin indeed then turned to threaten Wei, and Wei thereby fell into grave distress.

💡 商战启示录

Lord Xinling’s admonition to the King of Wei centers on identifying unreliable partners—Qin was “rapacious, profit-driven, and devoid of faith,” much like certain enterprises in business that are driven by short-term gains and lack contractual integrity. In modern commerce, many companies, in pursuit of fleeting market share, form alliances with giants possessing “the heart of a tiger or wolf,” only to be swallowed whole or marginalized. For instance, in the early days of the bike-sharing industry, numerous small platforms sought to curry favor with capital by “uniting vertically” with subsidy-wielding behemoths, only to see their funding chains snap and their ventures acquired at rock-bottom prices. Similarly, startups eager to enter markets quickly have bound themselves to tech giants with poor records on data privacy; when those giants stumbled under regulatory pressure, their partners’ own operations suffered fatal blows. Lord Xinling pointed out that Qin did not spare even its own kin—an analogy to modern business: if a partner shows scant integrity toward the small suppliers or employees within its own ecosystem, it will hardly prove loyal to external collaborators. The wisdom of commercial strategy lies in this: when evaluating a partner, one should look not merely at immediate gains, but at long-term credibility, values, and behavioral patterns. The King of Wei “failed to heed the lessons of the past,” and many enterprises today repeat the same mistakes by ignoring historical precedents. An effective approach is to institute a “partner audit” mechanism, examining a counterpart’s conduct in prior dealings, so as to avoid self-destructive alliances akin to “carrying firewood to quench a blaze.” Lord Xinling’s counsel stands as a classic archetype of “risk aversion” and “partner selection” in modern strategic management.