The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational contexts, instructional designers often aim to manage cognitive load to optimize learning. According to Sweller's cognitive load theory, learning is hindered when the intrinsic load (complexity of the material) and extraneous load (how the material is presented) exceed the learner's working memory capacity. However, recent studies suggest that a certain level of germane load, which involves the mental resources dedicated to constructing schemas, is beneficial for deep understanding. Thus, effective teaching strategies should not merely reduce all cognitive load but rather prioritize minimizing extraneous load while allowing sufficient intrinsic and germane load for meaningful learning.
❓ 지문에 따르면, 인지 부하와 관련한 교수 설계의 주요 목표는 무엇인가?
A. A. 모든 유형의 인지 부하를 제거하여 학생의 스트레스를 줄이기 위해
B. B. 자료를 더 복잡하게 만들어 관련 인지 부하를 증가시키기 위해
C. C. 불필요한 인지 부하를 줄이면서 필수적인 내재적 부하와 관련 부하는 유지한다.
D. D. 내용을 단순화하기 위해 내재적 부하 감소에만 집중하는 것
✅ 正确答案
C. To reduce extraneous load while maintaining essential intrinsic and germane load
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first