The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational settings, instructional designers often aim to manage cognitive load to optimize learning. According to Sweller's cognitive load theory, learning is hindered when the intrinsic load (complexity of the material) and extraneous load (how the material is presented) exceed the learner's working memory capacity. However, recent studies suggest that a moderate level of germane load, which involves the mental resources devoted to processing and understanding the material, is beneficial. This has led to a shift from purely reducing cognitive load to strategically balancing it, especially in multimedia learning environments where visual and auditory information compete for attention.
❓ 지문에 따르면, 교육에서 인지 부하에 대한 접근 방식의 주요 변화는 무엇인가?
A. A. 인지 부하를 줄이는 데 초점을 맞추는 것에서, 다양한 유형의 부하를 전략적으로 균형 있게 조정하는 것으로.
B. B. 멀티미디어 학습에서 인지 부하를 무시하는 것에서부터 완전히 제거하는 것까지.
C. C. 모든 과목에서 관련 인지부하를 증가시키는 것에서 내재적 인지부하를 감소시키는 것으로.
D. D. 시각 자료만 사용하는 것에서 청각 정보에만 의존하는 것으로.
✅ 正确答案
A. From focusing on reducing cognitive load to strategically balancing different types of load.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first