雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'cultural intelligence' (CQ) has gained prominence in cross-cultural psychology as a framework for understanding individual effectiveness in culturally diverse settings. Unlike emotional intelligence, which focuses on intrapersonal and interpersonal abilities, CQ specifically addresses the capability to function and manage effectively in culturally varied contexts. Researchers have identified four distinct dimensions of CQ: metacognitive, cognitive, motivational, and behavioral. Metacognitive CQ refers to the conscious awareness of cultural assumptions during interactions, while cognitive CQ involves knowledge of norms and practices in different cultures. Motivational CQ reflects the drive to adapt and engage across cultures, and behavioral CQ entails the flexibility to modify verbal and non-verbal actions. Studies suggest that high CQ is positively correlated with expatriate job performance and cross-cultural adjustment. However, critics argue that CQ may overlap significantly with general cognitive ability and personality traits, questioning its unique predictive validity. Nevertheless, the construct remains influential in training programs aimed at enhancing global leadership competencies.