雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'cultural intelligence' (CQ) has gained prominence in organizational psychology as a framework for understanding cross-cultural effectiveness. Unlike emotional intelligence, which focuses on intrapersonal and interpersonal skills within a familiar cultural context, CQ specifically addresses the capability to function effectively across diverse cultural settings. Researchers identify four distinct dimensions: metacognitive CQ (the ability to consciously process cultural knowledge), cognitive CQ (knowledge of cultural norms and practices), motivational CQ (the drive to adapt), and behavioral CQ (the flexibility to exhibit appropriate verbal and nonverbal actions). Studies suggest that high CQ correlates with better job performance in multinational teams, particularly when individuals face novel cultural interactions. However, critics argue that CQ measurements often rely on self-reporting, which may overestimate actual competence, and that the construct overlooks power dynamics inherent in cross-cultural encounters. Thus, while CQ offers a useful heuristic, its practical application requires careful contextualization.