The concept of 'environmental virtue' has gained traction in recent years, drawing on Aristotelian ethics to argue that sustainable behavior stems not from external regulation but from cultivated character traits. Scholars like Ronald Sandler contend that virtues such as frugality, humility, and attentiveness to ecological systems are essential for addressing climate change. Unlike rule-based approaches, which prescribe specific actions, virtue ethics emphasizes the development of moral dispositions that naturally lead to environmentally responsible choices. However, critics question whether individual character can meaningfully influence systemic environmental problems, suggesting that structural reforms are more effective. Despite this debate, the integration of virtue ethics into environmental policy discussions highlights a shift from purely economic or legalistic frameworks toward a more holistic understanding of human-nature relationships.
❓ 본문에 따르면, 환경 문제에 대한 덕 윤리와 규칙 기반 접근법 사이의 핵심 차이점은 무엇인가?
A. 덕 윤리는 외부 규제에 의존하는 반면, 규칙 기반 접근법은 개인의 인격에 초점을 맞춘다.
B. 美德倫理學強調培養而成的品格特質，而基於規則的方法則規定具體行為。
C. 덕 윤리는 체계적 문제를 해결하는 데 있어 규칙 기반 접근법보다 더 효과적이다.
D. 규칙 기반 접근법은 덕 윤리와 달리 아리스토텔레스 윤리학에서 파생된 것이다.
✅ 正确答案
Virtue ethics emphasizes cultivated character traits, whereas rule-based approaches prescribe specific actions.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first