雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'cultural intelligence' (CQ) has gained prominence in organizational psychology as a framework for understanding intercultural effectiveness. Unlike emotional intelligence, which focuses on intrapersonal and interpersonal abilities within a familiar cultural context, CQ specifically addresses the capability to function effectively across diverse cultural settings. Researchers have identified four distinct dimensions of CQ: metacognitive, cognitive, motivational, and behavioral. The metacognitive dimension refers to an individual's conscious awareness and control of cultural assumptions during interactions, while the cognitive dimension encompasses knowledge of norms, practices, and conventions in different cultures. Motivational CQ reflects the drive and confidence to adapt to culturally unfamiliar situations, and behavioral CQ involves the flexibility to modify verbal and nonverbal actions appropriately. Studies suggest that high CQ predicts better job performance in multinational teams, particularly when tasks require negotiation or collaboration across cultural boundaries. However, critics argue that CQ measures often rely on self-reporting, which may overestimate actual competence, and that the construct overlaps significantly with general cognitive ability and personality traits.