The concept of 'environmental justice' emerged in the 1980s, highlighting the disproportionate burden of environmental hazards borne by marginalized communities. Unlike traditional environmentalism, which often focuses on wilderness preservation, environmental justice prioritizes human well-being, especially for low-income and minority groups. Research has shown that polluting facilities, such as waste treatment plants and factories, are frequently sited in these neighborhoods, leading to higher rates of respiratory diseases and other health issues. This pattern is not accidental but often results from systemic inequalities in land-use planning, zoning laws, and political representation. Addressing environmental injustice requires not only regulatory reforms but also empowering affected communities to participate meaningfully in decision-making processes. Scholars argue that without such inclusive approaches, environmental policies risk perpetuating existing social disparities rather than alleviating them.
❓ Según el pasaje, ¿cuál es una diferencia clave entre el ambientalismo tradicional y la justicia ambiental?
A. El ambientalismo tradicional se centra en la salud humana, mientras que la justicia ambiental se centra en la naturaleza salvaje.
B. El ambientalismo tradicional prioriza la preservación de la naturaleza salvaje, mientras que la justicia ambiental prioriza el bienestar humano en comunidades marginadas.
C. La justicia ambiental se centra principalmente en la representación política, mientras que el ambientalismo tradicional se ocupa del control de la contaminación.
D. La justicia ambiental se centra en reformas regulatorias, mientras que el ambientalismo tradicional evita cambios de política.
✅ 正确答案
Traditional environmentalism prioritizes wilderness preservation, while environmental justice prioritizes human well-being in marginalized communities.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
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