The concept of 'environmental justice' emerged in the 1980s, highlighting the disproportionate burden of environmental hazards borne by marginalized communities. Unlike traditional environmentalism, which often focuses on wilderness preservation, environmental justice prioritizes human well-being, especially for low-income and minority groups. Research has shown that polluting facilities, such as waste treatment plants and factories, are frequently sited in these neighborhoods, leading to higher rates of respiratory diseases and other health issues. This pattern is not accidental but often results from systemic inequalities in land-use planning, zoning laws, and political representation. Addressing environmental injustice requires not only regulatory reforms but also empowering affected communities to participate meaningfully in decision-making processes. Scholars argue that without such inclusive approaches, environmental policies risk perpetuating existing social disparities rather than alleviating them.
❓ 根据文章所述，传统环保主义与环境正义之间的一个关键区别是什么？
A. 传统环保主义关注人类健康，而环境正义则聚焦于荒野。
B. 传统环保主义优先考虑荒野保护，而环境正义则优先关注边缘化社区中的人类福祉。
C. 环境正义主要关注政治代表性，而传统环境保护主义则侧重于污染控制。
D. 环境正义侧重于监管改革，而传统环境保护主义则回避政策变革。
✅ 正确答案
Traditional environmentalism prioritizes wilderness preservation, while environmental justice prioritizes human well-being in marginalized communities.