The concept of 'sustainable development' has evolved significantly since its popularization in the 1987 Brundtland Report. Initially framed as a balance between economic growth and environmental protection, the term has since been expanded to encompass social equity and intergenerational justice. Critics argue that the vagueness of the definition allows governments and corporations to adopt the rhetoric of sustainability without implementing substantive changes. However, recent studies suggest that measurable indicators, such as carbon footprints and resource depletion rates, have made the concept more operational. Yet, a persistent tension remains between short-term economic interests and long-term ecological stability, particularly in developing nations where industrialization is prioritized. This complexity underscores the need for context-specific policies rather than one-size-fits-all solutions.
❓ Theo đoạn văn, thách thức lớn trong việc áp dụng khái niệm phát triển bền vững là gì?
A. A) Thiếu các chỉ số đo lường được để theo dõi tiến độ.
B. B) Xung đột giữa các mục tiêu kinh tế trước mắt và nhu cầu môi trường lâu dài.
C. C) Sự nhấn mạnh quá mức vào công bằng xã hội ở các quốc gia đang phát triển.
D. D) Sự bác bỏ khái niệm này bởi hầu hết các chính phủ.
✅ 正确答案
B) The conflict between immediate economic goals and long-term environmental needs.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first