The concept of 'sustainable development' has evolved significantly since its popularization in the 1987 Brundtland Report. Initially framed as a balance between economic growth and environmental protection, the term has since been expanded to encompass social equity and intergenerational justice. Critics argue that the vagueness of the definition allows governments and corporations to adopt the rhetoric of sustainability without implementing substantive changes. However, recent studies suggest that measurable indicators, such as carbon footprints and resource depletion rates, have made the concept more operational. Yet, a persistent tension remains between short-term economic interests and long-term ecological stability, particularly in developing nations where industrialization is prioritized. This complexity underscores the need for context-specific policies rather than one-size-fits-all solutions.
❓ 지문에 따르면, 지속 가능한 발전의 개념을 적용하는 데 있어 주요 도전 과제는 무엇인가?
A. A) 진행 상황을 추적하기 위한 측정 가능한 지표의 부족.
B. B) 즉각적인 경제적 목표와 장기적인 환경적 필요 사이의 갈등.
C. C) 개발도상국에서 사회적 평등에 대한 과도한 강조.
D. D) 대부분의 정부에 의한 개념 거부.
✅ 正确答案
B) The conflict between immediate economic goals and long-term environmental needs.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
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