The concept of 'ecological resilience' has gained significant traction in environmental science, referring to an ecosystem's capacity to absorb disturbance and reorganize while undergoing change so as to retain essentially the same function, structure, identity, and feedbacks. Unlike stability, which emphasizes resistance to change and rapid recovery to an original state, resilience acknowledges that ecosystems may shift to alternative stable states. This perspective is crucial for managing natural resources under climate change, as it encourages adaptive management strategies that accept inevitable transformations rather than futile attempts to preserve historical baselines. However, critics argue that the concept is often applied too loosely, making it difficult to operationalize in concrete policy decisions.
❓ 지문에 따르면, 생태적 회복탄력성과 안정성 사이의 핵심 차이점은 무엇인가?
A. 회복탄력성은 원래 상태로 돌아가는 것에 초점을 맞추는 반면, 안정성은 대체 상태를 수용합니다.
B. 안정성은 변화에 대한 저항과 빠른 회복을 강조하는 반면, 회복탄력성은 새로운 안정 상태로의 전환을 가능하게 한다.
C. 회복력은 기후 변화에만 적용되는 반면, 안정성은 모든 교란에 적용된다.
D. 안정성은 환경 관리에서 회복력을 대체한 새로운 개념이다.
✅ 正确答案
Stability emphasizes resistance to change and quick recovery, while resilience allows for shifts to new stable states.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first