The concept of 'ecological resilience' has gained significant traction in environmental science, referring to an ecosystem's capacity to absorb disturbance and reorganize while undergoing change so as to retain essentially the same function, structure, identity, and feedbacks. Unlike stability, which emphasizes resistance to change and rapid recovery to an original state, resilience acknowledges that ecosystems may shift to alternative stable states. This perspective is crucial for managing natural resources under climate change, as it encourages adaptive management strategies that accept inevitable transformations rather than futile attempts to preserve historical baselines. However, critics argue that the concept is often applied too loosely, making it difficult to operationalize in concrete policy decisions.
❓ Según el pasaje, ¿cuál es una diferencia clave entre la resiliencia ecológica y la estabilidad?
A. La resiliencia se centra en volver al estado original, mientras que la estabilidad acepta estados alternativos.
B. La estabilidad enfatiza la resistencia al cambio y la rápida recuperación, mientras que la resiliencia permite transiciones hacia nuevos estados estables.
C. La resiliencia solo es aplicable al cambio climático, mientras que la estabilidad se aplica a todas las perturbaciones.
D. La estabilidad es un concepto más reciente que ha reemplazado a la resiliencia en la gestión ambiental.
✅ 正确答案
Stability emphasizes resistance to change and quick recovery, while resilience allows for shifts to new stable states.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
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