雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'ecological resilience' has gained significant traction in environmental science, referring to an ecosystem's capacity to absorb disturbance and reorganize while undergoing change so as to retain essentially the same function, structure, identity, and feedbacks. Unlike stability, which emphasizes resistance to change and rapid recovery to an original state, resilience acknowledges that ecosystems may shift to alternative stable states. This perspective is crucial for managing natural resources under climate change, as it encourages adaptive management strategies that accept inevitable transformations rather than futile attempts to preserve historical baselines. However, critics argue that the concept is often applied too loosely, making it difficult to operationalize in concrete policy decisions.