The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational settings, instructional designers often aim to manage cognitive load to optimize learning. According to cognitive load theory, learning is hampered when the working memory is overloaded with extraneous information that does not contribute to schema acquisition. However, intrinsic load, which is inherent to the complexity of the material, cannot be reduced without simplifying the content itself. Germane load, on the other hand, is the effort devoted to processing and understanding the material, which is beneficial for learning. Effective instructional design seeks to minimize extraneous load while promoting germane load, thereby facilitating the construction of mental schemas.
❓ 지문에 따르면, 교수 설계에서 인지 부하를 관리하는 주요 목표는 무엇인가?
A. 모든 유형의 인지 부하를 제거하여 학습을 수월하게 만든다
B. 주제를 단순화하여 내재적 부하를 줄이기 위해
C. 학습을 개선하기 위해 외재적 부하를 줄이고 본질적 부하를 증가시킨다.
D. 고급 학습자에게 도전 과제를 제공하기 위해 총 인지 부하를 증가시키려면
✅ 正确答案
To decrease extraneous load and increase germane load for better learning
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first