The concept of 'environmental justice' emerged in the 1980s, highlighting the disproportionate burden of environmental hazards borne by marginalized communities. Unlike traditional environmentalism, which often focuses on wilderness preservation, environmental justice prioritizes human well-being, particularly for low-income and minority groups. Research has shown that polluting facilities, such as waste incinerators and chemical plants, are frequently sited in areas with lower property values, where residents have less political influence. This pattern is not coincidental but results from historical zoning policies and systemic inequalities. Advocates argue that achieving environmental justice requires not only equitable distribution of environmental benefits and harms but also meaningful participation of affected communities in decision-making processes. Consequently, the movement has broadened the scope of environmental policy, linking it to social equity, public health, and democratic governance.
❓ 根据文章所述，传统环境保护主义与环境正义之间的一个关键区别是什么？
A. 传统环保主义关注人类健康，而环境正义则聚焦于荒野。
B. 环境正义强调对边缘化群体的公平对待，而传统环境保护主义往往优先考虑自然保护。
C. 传统环保主义更关注分区政策，而非环境正义。
D. 环境正义拒绝地方社区参与政策决策。
✅ 正确答案
Environmental justice emphasizes equitable treatment of marginalized groups, while traditional environmentalism often prioritizes nature preservation.