The concept of 'sustainable development' has evolved significantly since its popularization in the 1987 Brundtland Report. Initially, it emphasized the balance between economic growth and environmental protection. However, contemporary scholars argue that this dualistic framework neglects the crucial role of social equity. They propose a tripartite model that integrates economic, environmental, and social dimensions, asserting that true sustainability cannot be achieved if social inequalities persist. This shift reflects a broader recognition that environmental degradation often disproportionately affects marginalized communities, and thus, addressing these disparities is not merely a moral imperative but a prerequisite for effective environmental policy. Consequently, modern sustainable development frameworks increasingly incorporate participatory governance and inclusive decision-making processes to ensure that the voices of vulnerable populations are heard. This evolution highlights a move from a purely technocratic approach to one that is more holistic and justice-oriented.
❓ According to the passage, what is the main criticism of the original concept of sustainable development?
A. It focused too much on social equity.
B. It ignored the importance of economic growth.
C. It failed to include social equity as a core component.
D. It was based only on the Brundtland Report.
✅ 正确答案
It failed to include social equity as a core component.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first