The concept of 'ecological resilience' has gained prominence in environmental science, referring to an ecosystem's capacity to absorb disturbance and reorganize while undergoing change, so as to retain essentially the same function, structure, and feedbacks. Unlike mere resistance, which implies a static state, resilience emphasizes dynamic adaptation. For instance, a coral reef may suffer bleaching due to rising sea temperatures, but if it can recover its species composition and functional roles over time, it demonstrates resilience. However, human-induced stressors, such as overfishing and pollution, can erode this capacity, pushing systems past critical thresholds into alternative, often less desirable states. Understanding these thresholds is vital for effective conservation, as interventions must be timed before irreversible shifts occur.
❓ Según el pasaje, ¿cuál es la diferencia clave entre la resiliencia ecológica y la resistencia?
A. La resiliencia se centra en un estado estático, mientras que la resistencia enfatiza la adaptación dinámica.
B. La resiliencia implica una adaptación y recuperación dinámicas, mientras que la resistencia sugiere un estado estático.
C. La resistencia se trata de absorber la perturbación, mientras que la resiliencia se trata de prevenir la perturbación.
D. La resistencia es más importante que la resiliencia para la salud del ecosistema.
✅ 正确答案
Resilience involves dynamic adaptation and recovery, while resistance implies a static state.
IELTS Reading Tips
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