The concept of 'ecological resilience' has gained prominence in environmental science, referring to an ecosystem's capacity to absorb disturbance and reorganize while undergoing change, so as to retain essentially the same function, structure, and feedbacks. Unlike mere resistance, which implies a static state, resilience emphasizes dynamic adaptation. For instance, a coral reef may suffer bleaching due to rising sea temperatures, but if it can recover its species composition and functional roles over time, it demonstrates resilience. However, human-induced stressors, such as overfishing and pollution, can erode this capacity, pushing systems past critical thresholds into alternative, often less desirable states. Understanding these thresholds is vital for effective conservation, as interventions must be timed before irreversible shifts occur.
❓ According to the passage, what is the key difference between ecological resilience and resistance?
A. Resilience focuses on a static state, while resistance emphasizes dynamic adaptation.
B. Resilience involves dynamic adaptation and recovery, while resistance implies a static state.
C. Resistance is about absorbing disturbance, while resilience is about preventing disturbance.
D. Resistance is more important than resilience for ecosystem health.
✅ 正确答案
Resilience involves dynamic adaptation and recovery, while resistance implies a static state.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first