The concept of 'environmental resilience' has gained traction in ecological studies, referring to an ecosystem's capacity to absorb disturbances while maintaining its fundamental structure and functions. Unlike mere resistance, which implies an unchanging state, resilience emphasizes adaptability and recovery. For instance, coral reefs subjected to bleaching events may exhibit resilience if they can regenerate through the recruitment of new polyps or the survival of resilient symbionts. However, resilience is not infinite; excessive or frequent stressors can push systems past critical thresholds, leading to regime shifts where a new, often less desirable, equilibrium emerges. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for effective conservation, as it shifts focus from preventing all change to managing adaptive capacity and preserving options for future trajectories.
❓ Según el pasaje, ¿cuál es la diferencia clave entre resiliencia y resistencia en un ecosistema?
A. La resistencia implica cambios en la estructura, mientras que la resiliencia mantiene un estado invariable.
B. La resiliencia enfatiza la recuperación y la adaptación, mientras que la resistencia implica mantener un estado sin cambios.
C. La resistencia es más importante que la resiliencia para los esfuerzos de conservación.
D. La resiliencia solo se aplica a los arrecifes de coral, mientras que la resistencia se aplica a todos los ecosistemas.
✅ 正确答案
Resilience emphasizes recovery and adaptation, whereas resistance implies maintaining an unchanged state.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first