The concept of 'digital twins' has evolved from a niche engineering tool into a cornerstone of modern infrastructure management. A digital twin is a virtual replica of a physical asset, process, or system, continuously updated with real-time data from sensors and IoT devices. This dynamic model allows engineers to simulate scenarios, predict failures, and optimize performance without disrupting the physical counterpart. In urban planning, digital twins of entire cities enable authorities to test the impact of new traffic flows, energy grids, or emergency response strategies before implementation. However, the reliance on vast data streams raises concerns about data security and the digital divide, as only well-resourced municipalities can afford such sophisticated systems. Critics argue that without equitable access, digital twins could exacerbate existing inequalities in urban development.
❓ Согласно тексту, в чем заключается основное преимущество использования цифровых двойников в городском планировании?
A. A. Они полностью устраняют необходимость в физической инфраструктуре.
B. B. Они позволяют тестировать изменения без непосредственного воздействия на реальный мир.
C. C. Они автоматически решают все проблемы безопасности данных.
D. D. Они достаточно недорогие, чтобы их могли позволить себе все муниципалитеты.
✅ 正确答案
B. They allow testing of changes without direct real-world disruption.
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