The concept of 'digital twins' has evolved from a niche engineering tool into a cornerstone of modern infrastructure management. A digital twin is a virtual replica of a physical asset, process, or system, continuously updated with real-time data from sensors and IoT devices. This dynamic model allows engineers to simulate scenarios, predict failures, and optimize performance without disrupting the physical counterpart. In urban planning, digital twins of entire cities enable authorities to test the impact of new traffic flows, energy grids, or emergency response strategies before implementation. However, the reliance on vast data streams raises concerns about data security and the digital divide, as only well-resourced municipalities can afford such sophisticated systems. Critics argue that without equitable access, digital twins could exacerbate existing inequalities in urban development.
❓ 文章によると、都市計画においてデジタルツインを使用する主な利点は何ですか？
A. A. それらは物理的なインフラの必要性を完全に排除する。
B. B. それにより、実際の世界に直接的な混乱を引き起こすことなく、変更をテストすることが可能になる。
C. C. 彼らはすべてのデータセキュリティ問題を自動的に解決する。
D. D. それらは、すべての自治体が負担できるほど十分に安価である。
✅ 正确答案
B. They allow testing of changes without direct real-world disruption.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
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