The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational psychology, it is often divided into three types: intrinsic, extraneous, and germane. Intrinsic load is inherent to the difficulty of the material itself, while extraneous load is generated by the way information is presented. Germane load, on the other hand, is the effort devoted to processing and understanding the material, which can enhance learning. Research suggests that instructional design should aim to reduce extraneous load, allowing more cognitive resources for germane load, especially when dealing with complex subjects. However, overly simplifying content may lower intrinsic load to a level that undermines deep learning, indicating a delicate balance in curriculum design.
❓ 지문에 따르면, 인지 부하를 관리하는 교수 설계의 주요 목표는 무엇인가?
A. 모든 유형의 인지 부하를 제거하여 학습을 더 쉽게 만든다
B. 더 도전적인 과제를 위해 내재적 부하를 증가시키기 위해
C. 불필요한 인지 부하를 줄여 더 많은 노력을 이해에 쏟을 수 있도록 하기 위함이다.
D. 세 가지 유형의 인지 부하를 균등하게 분배하기 위해
✅ 正确答案
To reduce extraneous load so that more effort can be spent on understanding
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first