The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational settings, instructional design aims to manage this load to optimize learning. According to cognitive load theory, learning is hindered when the working memory is overloaded with extraneous information that does not contribute to schema construction. However, intrinsic load, which is inherent to the complexity of the material, cannot be reduced without simplifying the content. Effective teaching strategies, such as worked examples and scaffolding, help learners allocate cognitive resources toward germane load, which directly facilitates the acquisition of new knowledge. Recent studies suggest that individual differences in prior knowledge significantly influence how learners experience cognitive load, implying that adaptive instructional methods are necessary to cater to diverse student needs.
❓ 지문에 따르면, 교수에서 불필요한 인지 부하를 줄이는 주요 목적은 무엇인가?
A. 학습에 필요한 모든 유형의 정신적 노력을 제거하기 위해
B. 학습자들이 이해를 구축하는 데 도움이 되는 과정에 집중할 수 있도록 하기 위해
C. 내용을 단순화하여 본질적 부하를 최소화한다.
D. 작업 기억에 저장되는 정보의 양을 늘리기 위해
✅ 正确答案
To allow learners to focus on processes that help build understanding
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first