The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational settings, instructional designers often strive to manage cognitive load to optimize learning. According to cognitive load theory, learning is hindered when the load exceeds the learner's available working memory capacity. This can occur when material is poorly structured or when extraneous information is presented. However, by simplifying complex tasks and using worked examples, educators can reduce extraneous load, allowing learners to focus on essential information. Recent studies suggest that adaptive learning technologies, which tailor content to individual learner's needs, can further enhance this process by dynamically adjusting the difficulty level. Such approaches have shown promise in improving retention and problem-solving skills, particularly in STEM fields where abstract concepts are prevalent.
❓ 지문에 따르면, 학습에서 외재적 인지 부하를 줄이는 한 가지 방법은 무엇인가?
A. 한 번에 제시되는 정보의 양을 늘리기
B. 작업 예시를 활용하고 복잡한 과업을 단순화하기
C. 구조 없이 추상적인 개념을 제시하기
D. 적응형 학습 기술 사용을 피하기
✅ 正确答案
Using worked examples and simplifying complex tasks
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first