The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational psychology, cognitive load theory suggests that learning is most effective when instructional materials are designed to minimize extraneous load, allowing learners to focus on intrinsic load and germane load. Intrinsic load is the inherent difficulty of the material itself, while germane load involves the processes of schema construction and automation. Research has shown that poorly designed multimedia presentations, which split attention between text and graphics, can increase extraneous load, thereby hindering comprehension. Conversely, integrating related information spatially and temporally can reduce unnecessary cognitive burden, facilitating deeper learning. This has significant implications for curriculum design, especially in STEM fields where complex problem-solving is required.
❓ 지문에 따르면, 교수 설계에서 불필요한 인지 부하를 줄이는 주요 이점은 무엇인가?
A. A. 학습자들이 동시에 더 많은 정보를 처리할 수 있게 해줍니다.
B. B. 이는 학습자가 자료의 본질적인 난이도와 스키마 구축 측면에 집중할 수 있게 한다.
C. C. 학습 과정에서 작업 기억의 필요성을 제거한다.
D. D. 학습자에게 정보 전달 속도를 높인다.
✅ 正确答案
B. It enables learners to concentrate on the inherent difficulty and schema-building aspects of the material.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first