The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational psychology, cognitive load theory suggests that learning is most effective when instructional materials are designed to minimize extraneous load, allowing learners to focus on intrinsic load and germane load. Intrinsic load is the inherent difficulty of the material itself, while germane load involves the processes of schema construction and automation. Research has shown that poorly designed multimedia presentations, which split attention between text and graphics, can increase extraneous load, thereby hindering comprehension. Conversely, integrating related information spatially and temporally can reduce unnecessary cognitive burden, facilitating deeper learning. This has significant implications for curriculum design, especially in STEM fields where complex problem-solving is required.
❓ 文章によると、教授設計において余分な認知負荷を減らす主な利点は何ですか？
A. A. 学習者がより多くの情報を同時に処理することを可能にします。
B. B. それにより、学習者は教材本来の難しさとスキーマ構築の側面に集中することができる。
C. C. 学習における作業記憶の必要性を排除する。
D. D. 学習者への情報伝達の速度を向上させる。
✅ 正确答案
B. It enables learners to concentrate on the inherent difficulty and schema-building aspects of the material.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first