The concept of 'ecological footprint' has become a central tool in sustainability studies, quantifying the demands placed on Earth's ecosystems by human activities. It measures the area of biologically productive land and water required to produce the resources consumed and to assimilate the wastes generated. While this metric offers a clear, standardized way to compare consumption across nations, critics argue that it oversimplifies complex environmental impacts, overlooking factors such as toxicity of pollutants and biodiversity loss. Moreover, the footprint does not account for technological innovations that might reduce future resource use. Despite these limitations, its visual appeal and ease of communication have made it influential in policy discussions and public awareness campaigns, prompting debates on how to balance economic growth with ecological limits.
❓ Какая основная критика экологического следа упоминается в отрывке?
A. Это слишком сложно для понимания политикам.
B. Он не учитывает определенные экологические ущербы и будущие технологические изменения.
C. Это преувеличивает влияние человеческой деятельности на экосистемы.
D. Оно не обеспечивает стандартизированных сравнений между странами.
✅ 正确答案
It fails to capture certain environmental damages and future technological changes.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first