The concept of 'green infrastructure' has gained significant traction in urban planning, referring to a network of natural and semi-natural systems that provide ecosystem services, such as stormwater management, air purification, and climate regulation. Unlike traditional gray infrastructure, which relies on concrete and pipes, green infrastructure integrates vegetation, soils, and natural processes into city design. Studies indicate that well-implemented green roofs, permeable pavements, and urban forests can reduce flood risks by up to 30% and lower ambient temperatures in heat islands. However, its effectiveness depends on spatial planning and maintenance; poorly designed systems may fail to deliver expected benefits. Thus, policymakers must prioritize adaptive management strategies to optimize long-term resilience.
❓ Theo đoạn văn, yếu tố quan trọng nào quyết định sự thành công của cơ sở hạ tầng xanh?
A. A. Việc sử dụng độc quyền công nghệ tiên tiến trong xây dựng
B. B. Sự tích hợp các quy trình tự nhiên vào thiết kế đô thị
C. C. Việc thay thế toàn bộ cơ sở hạ tầng xám bằng các hệ thống xanh
D. D. Sự phụ thuộc vào khoản đầu tư ban đầu lớn thay vì lập kế hoạch
✅ 正确答案
B. The integration of natural processes into urban design
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first