The concept of 'ecological resilience' has gained prominence in environmental science, referring to an ecosystem's capacity to absorb disturbance and reorganize while undergoing change so as to retain essentially the same function, structure, identity, and feedbacks. Unlike stability, which emphasizes resistance to change and rapid recovery, resilience focuses on the magnitude of disturbance that can be absorbed before the system shifts into an alternative state. This distinction is crucial for conservation strategies: managing for stability may inadvertently reduce resilience by simplifying ecosystem structures, whereas fostering resilience often involves maintaining biodiversity and functional redundancy. Recent studies suggest that resilient ecosystems can better withstand climate-induced stressors, such as drought or invasive species, by enabling adaptive responses across multiple scales. Consequently, policymakers are increasingly urged to prioritize resilience-based approaches over traditional preservationist models, which assume static equilibrium in natural systems.
❓ Según el pasaje, ¿cuál es la diferencia principal entre la resiliencia ecológica y la estabilidad?
A. A. La estabilidad enfatiza la recuperación rápida, mientras que la resiliencia se centra en la adaptación lenta.
B. B. La resiliencia se refiere a la capacidad de absorber perturbaciones sin cambiar de estado, mientras que la estabilidad se centra en resistir el cambio y regresar rápidamente.
C. C. La estabilidad se trata de mantener la biodiversidad, mientras que la resiliencia se trata de simplificar los ecosistemas.
D. D. La resiliencia solo es relevante para los factores estresantes inducidos por el clima, mientras que la estabilidad se aplica a todas las perturbaciones.
✅ 正确答案
B. Resilience concerns the ability to absorb disturbance without shifting states, whereas stability focuses on resisting change and returning quickly.
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