The concept of ecosystem services has gained significant traction in environmental policy over the past two decades. These services, which include provisioning resources like food and water, regulating processes such as climate and flood control, and cultural benefits like recreation, are often undervalued in economic markets. This undervaluation leads to their overexploitation and degradation. To address this, researchers have proposed various valuation methods, including contingent valuation and hedonic pricing. However, critics argue that assigning monetary values to nature can oversimplify its intrinsic worth and lead to commodification. A more integrated approach, combining ecological indicators with socio-economic assessments, is increasingly recommended to ensure sustainable management while acknowledging both tangible and intangible benefits of natural systems.
❓ Какова основная обеспокоенность, высказываемая критиками в отношении оценки экосистемных услуг?
A. A. Это может привести к чрезмерному экономическому росту.
B. B. Это рискует свести ценность природы лишь к денежному выражению.
C. C. Это игнорирует роль регулирования климата.
D. D. Он сосредоточен только на культурных выгодах.
✅ 正确答案
B. It risks reducing nature's value to mere monetary terms.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first