The concept of 'neuroplasticity' has revolutionized our understanding of the human brain. Historically, scientists believed that the adult brain was structurally fixed, with neural pathways established during childhood remaining immutable. However, recent research has demonstrated that the brain retains a remarkable capacity for reorganization throughout life. This adaptability is driven by synaptic pruning and the formation of new neural connections in response to learning, experience, or injury. For instance, individuals who lose their sight often exhibit enhanced auditory or tactile processing, as the visual cortex is repurposed for other sensory modalities. Neuroplasticity also underpins cognitive rehabilitation after stroke, where undamaged brain regions can assume functions previously performed by damaged areas. While the mechanisms are complex, involving molecular cascades and environmental enrichment, the implications are profound: they challenge deterministic views of intelligence and offer hope for therapeutic interventions in neurological disorders.
❓ 지문에 따르면, 신경가소성의 주요 의의는 무엇인가?
A. 이는 성인의 뇌가 완전히 고정되어 있고 변화할 수 없음을 증명한다.
B. 이는 뇌가 다양한 요인에 반응하여 스스로 재조직할 수 있음을 보여주며, 회복과 적응의 가능성을 제시한다.
C. 이는 시각 피질이 오직 시각에만 사용되며 다른 용도로 재활용될 수 없음을 나타낸다.
D. 이는 뇌졸중 후 인지 재활이 효과가 없다는 것을 시사한다.
✅ 正确答案
It demonstrates that the brain can reorganize itself in response to various factors, offering potential for recovery and adaptation.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first