The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational psychology, it is often discussed in relation to instructional design, as high cognitive load can impede learning. Researchers distinguish between intrinsic load, which is inherent to the complexity of the material, and extraneous load, which is generated by the way information is presented. Effective teaching strategies aim to minimize extraneous load while managing intrinsic load appropriately. For instance, integrating diagrams with text can reduce extraneous load by helping learners process information more efficiently. However, studies show that presenting redundant information across multiple modalities may actually increase cognitive load, contrary to popular belief. Thus, understanding the nuanced effects of instructional formats is crucial for optimizing learning outcomes.
❓ Согласно тексту, какое распространённое заблуждение существует относительно представления информации в нескольких модальностях?
A. A) Это всегда снижает когнитивную нагрузку.
B. B) Это увеличивает внутреннюю нагрузку.
C. C) Это неэффективно для сложного материала.
D. D) Его следует избегать во всех учебных заведениях.
✅ 正确答案
A) It always reduces cognitive load.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first