雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'cultural intelligence' (CQ) has gained prominence in organizational psychology as a complement to traditional measures of cognitive ability. Unlike IQ, which focuses on abstract reasoning, CQ encompasses an individual's capability to function effectively across diverse cultural contexts. Researchers have identified four distinct dimensions: metacognitive CQ (the awareness of cultural assumptions during interactions), cognitive CQ (knowledge of cultural norms and practices), motivational CQ (the drive to adapt), and behavioral CQ (the ability to exhibit appropriate verbal and nonverbal actions). A meta-analysis by Ott and Michailova (2018) found that while motivational CQ strongly predicts expatriate job performance, cognitive CQ alone does not, suggesting that mere knowledge without the willingness to apply it yields limited benefits. Furthermore, high CQ does not automatically reduce prejudice; rather, it requires deliberate practice and reflective learning. This nuanced view challenges simplistic training programs that focus solely on factual cultural information, advocating instead for experiential and mindfulness-based interventions to develop adaptive flexibility.