The concept of 'environmental justice' has evolved significantly since its inception in the 1980s, when it was primarily associated with the disproportionate exposure of minority and low-income communities to environmental hazards. Initially, research focused on documenting these inequities, such as the siting of toxic waste facilities. However, contemporary scholarship has expanded the framework to include broader issues of climate change vulnerability, access to green spaces, and the unequal distribution of environmental benefits. This shift reflects a recognition that environmental risks and resources are not merely technical or ecological matters but are deeply intertwined with social, economic, and political structures. Consequently, policy interventions have moved from a narrow focus on remediation to proactive strategies that aim to integrate equity considerations into urban planning and resource management, thereby addressing the root causes of environmental disparities rather than just their symptoms.
❓ 根据文章所述，环境正义的范围随时间发生了怎样的变化？
A. A) 其关注点已从解决有毒废物选址问题，转向仅聚焦于气候变化适应。
B. B) 它已从关注不平等地暴露于危害之中，扩展到涵盖更广泛的脆弱性及获取环境利益的机会问题。
C. C) 它已不再那么关注社会公平，而更侧重于技术解决方案。
D. D) 它将关注范围缩小至少数族裔社区，将低收入群体排除在外。
✅ 正确答案
B) It has expanded from concerns about unequal exposure to hazards to include broader issues of vulnerability and access to environmental benefits.