The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational settings, instructional design often aims to manage cognitive load to optimize learning. According to cognitive load theory, learning is hindered when the intrinsic load (complexity of the material) and extraneous load (how the material is presented) exceed the learner's working memory capacity. However, a well-structured lesson can reduce extraneous load, allowing learners to focus on schema construction. Recent studies suggest that incorporating multimedia elements, such as diagrams alongside text, can be beneficial only if they are directly relevant to the content, as irrelevant visuals may increase extraneous load and impede comprehension.
❓ Según el pasaje, ¿cuál es el propósito principal de gestionar la carga cognitiva en el diseño educativo?
A. A. Para aumentar la cantidad de información presentada en una lección
B. B. Para mejorar el aprendizaje reduciendo el esfuerzo mental innecesario
C. C. Eliminar todas las formas de ayudas visuales de los materiales didácticos
D. D. Hacer las lecciones más complejas para desafiar a los estudiantes avanzados
✅ 正确答案
B. To enhance learning by reducing unnecessary mental effort
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first